I/ Vocabulaire

 

a) divers

 

eco-friendly=ami de l'écologie

eco-minded=soucieux de l'écologie

oil spill=marée noire

oil stick=mare de pétrole

feather=plume

sticky=collé

because of=à cause de

tar=goudron

advert, ad, advertisement=publicité

convey=véhiculé

the aim*=le but

greenhouse effect=effet de serre

global warming=réchauffement climatique

dirty=sale

weather=temps

homeless**=sans maison

ice melting=fonte des glaces

melt=fondre

make people aware of=rendre les gens conscients de

sad=triste

a sign=un panneau

flee, fled, fled=fuir

a bum=un clochard

dire straits=situation difficile

building=bâtiment

recycling=recyclage

factory=usine

flood=innondation

smoke=fumée

pollute=polluer

traffic jam=embouteillage

hurricane=ouragan

storm=tempête

drought=sécheresse

ice cap=calotte glaciaire

climate refugee=refuge climatique

pavement=trottoir

unsustainable trade=commerce des produits non-durables

cattle=bétail

crop=agriculture

fertelizers=pesticides

exhaust fumes=fumées d'échappement

starvation=famine

due to=dû à

put an end=mettre fin

such as=tel que

litter=déchets

unleaded petrol=essence sans plomb

landfill=décharge

breathe=respirer

dump=déverser

laying around=répandu partout

lung disease=maladie des poumons

ships=navires

get caught=se faire attraper / piéger

early=tôt

inhabitant=habitant

 

b) méthodologie

-type de document (photo, dessin, publicité, nature, source, auteur)

-description (voir c))

-sous-entendus

 

c) vocabulaire de la description d'images

 

in the middle=au milieu

on the left hand side=sur le côté gauche

on the right hand side=sur le côté droit

at the top=en haut

at the bottom=en bas

in the top left-hand corner=dans le coin en haut à gauche

in the top right-hand corner=dans le coin en haut à droite

in the bottom left-hand corner=dans le coin en bas à gauche

in the bottom right-hand corner=dans le coin en bas à droite

the upper section=la partie du haut

the lower section=la partie du bas

in the foreground=au premier plan

in the background=à l'arrière plan

 

Aide :

avec side, on met toujours ON devant.

avec corner, on met toujours IN devant.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

II/ Grammaire

 

*the aim est utilisé pour décrire le but de l'auteur :

the author aims at showing / denoncing

Aims at + V ing

 

**-less est un suffixe signifiant sans.
Exemples :

-homeless=sans maison

-hopeless=sans espoir

-jobless=sans travail

 

Sujet

Adjectif possessif

Pronom

Pronom complément

I - my - mine - me

You - your - yours - you

He - his - his - him

She - her - hers - her

It* - its - its - it

We -our - ours - us

You - your - yours - you

They - their - theirs - them

 

En anglais, les animaux sont considérés comme des objets : on dira donc Its feathers pour dire les plumes de l'oiseau et non pas His ou Her feathers.

 

Les mots composés

An oil-covered bird =a bird covered with oil.

En anglais, le mot le plus important se met à la fin de la chaîne de mots et est défini par les adjectifs qui le précèdent.

 

Exemples :

 

A fair-haired girl

A one-eyed man

A one-legged man

 

Have to=l'origine de l'obliagtion ne vient pas de celui qui la subit.

Must=l'obligation vient de celui qui la subit

 

 

Comparatif :

He is taller than his sister.

ADJ COURT + ER + THAN

This is more expansive than yesterday

MORE + ADJ LONG

 

Superlatif :

He is the tallest in the classroom.

THE + ADJ COURT + EST

This is the most expansive

THE + MOST + ADJ LONG

 

Adjectif court :

1 syllabe : hot, big...

2 syllabes, à condition que la dernière syllabe se termine par Y, LE ou OW.

Adjectif long: les autres et + de 2 syllabes.

 

 

III/ Décrivons des images !

 

This is a black and white picture. It shows an oil-covered bird, a bird covered with oil. It can't move anymore because it feathers are sticky. They are covered with black tar-oil. It is victim of an oil-spill probably because of a tanker. The author aims at denoncing the pollution let by the tankers in the see.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The document is a blackand white drawing, more precisely an advertisement in order to end global warming. The picture shows a polar bear sitting in the street like a bum. It is looking at his pawns. It looks very sad and feels lonely. It is in a bad predicament. The street is dirty. There is graffiti on the walls of buildings. Some papers are on the ground. In the bottom left-hand corner, there is the world wildlife fund's logs with a caption that explains the purpose of this advert. WWF is an international non-governmental organisation that work to protect the environment. This advert aims at raising awareness of dangers of global warming. The ice is melting because of the pollution : the bears have to leave their habitats. Conseprently, they become homeless and can't be regarder as climate refugees. They are endangered/threatered. This ad is very effective.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IV/ Causes

 

a) how to express causes ?

 

-because of, due to

Exemples : because of factories and cars that out fumes and chemicals, the air is polluted. Many animals are dying because of human activity. Due to many ships that dump their oils, seas and oceans are polluted.

 

b) land

People throw litter on the ground. Many people don't recycle and throw away so much garbage that we have landfills growing in our cities.

 

c) air

Factories and cars let out fumes and chemicals in smoke polluting the air.

 

c) water

Many companies dump their toxic waste in many rivers and lakes. Ships spill oil in oceans and rivers. People throw litter in water.

 

V/ Consequences

 

a) land

Many animals eat the litter and become sick and die. Litter laying around covers the land from the sun and the grass and lants can die

 

b) air

pollutants in the air make it hard for people to breathe causing lung disease. When it rains, the chemicals in the rain cause acid rain hurting the animals and plants.

 

c) water

toxic waste and oil spills cause many animals and plants to die. Litter also is eaten by animals or they get caught in the litter like six pack plastics causing the animals death.

 

VI/ Solutions

 

a) Instead of + should

Pour exprimer une alternative, on utilise : instead of + V-ing / nom … + should

Should est un auxiliaire de modalité qui exprime le conseil : Should + BV

 

Exemple : we should use public transport instead of using our cars.

 

b) What should we do to put an end to global warming ?

 

In order to / to / so as to put an end to global warming, we should…

-use renewable energy such as solar power, water energy or wind energy.

-use electric cars

-not dump the wastes everywhere

-save water

-not use fossil energy to stop polluting the air

-recycle litter

-use unleaded petrol

-plant more trees

-recycle plastic using bottle banks

-use public transport

-protect forests

 

VII/ Methodology : video, text

tittle : what do you think this document is going to be about ?

Video : imagine what will happen next

 

How to make suggestions / hyppotheses

 

The scene takes place in a street somewhere in the USA, because the buses are yellows. We can see a man who leaves his house early in the morning and when he come back home, his house become to small and the man can't enter it because he is getting taller and taller.